Ukumiselwa kweeRhafu ezilinganayo eMelika

Uxinzelelo kwiShishini leeMpahla Ngomhla wesi-2 ku-Epreli 2025, urhulumente wase-US wakhupha uthotho lweerhafu ezifanayo kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeempahla ezingeniswa kwamanye amazwe, kuquka nempahla. Eli nyathelo lithumele amaza othusayo kwihlabathi liphela.impahlakushishino, kuphazamisa uthungelwano lokubonelela, kunyusa iindleko, nokubangela ukungaqiniseki kumashishini nakubathengi ngokufanayo. Impembelelo kubaThengisi beeMpahla nabaThengisi Phantse i-95% yeempahla ezithengiswayo e-US zithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, apho imithombo ephambili iyiTshayina, iVietnam, iIndiya, iBangladesh, ne-Indonesia. Iirhafu ezintsha zonyuse kakhulu iirhafu zokungenisa impahla kula mazwe, kunye namaxabiso anyuka ukusuka kwi-11-12% yangaphambili ukuya kwi-38-65%. Oku kukhokelele ekunyukeni okukhulu kwexabiso leempahla ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, okubeka uxinzelelo olukhulu kubaThengisi beeMpahla nabaThengisi baseMelika. Umzekelo, iimpawu ezifana neNike, iAmerican Eagle, iGap, kunye neRalph Lauren, ezixhomekeke kakhulu kwimveliso yaphesheya, zibone amaxabiso azo esitokhwe ehla. Ezi nkampani ngoku zijongene nokukhetha okunzima kokuthabatha iindleko ezonyukileyo, eziya kudla inzuzo yazo, okanye ukuzidlulisela kubathengi ngamaxabiso aphezulu.

Ngokutsho kophando lwezabelo zikaWilliam Blair, ukunyuka kwexabiso lempahla kunokwenzeka ukuba kube malunga ne-30%, kwaye iinkampani kuya kufuneka zithwale isabelo esifanelekileyo sale nyuko. Utshintsho kwiindlela zokufumana izintoUkuphendula kwiirhafu eziphezulu, uninzi lwaseMelikaimpahlaAbathumeli bempahla bafuna ezinye iindlela zokufumana imveliso kumazwe aneerhafu eziphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ukufumana ezinye iindlela ezifanelekileyo akuyonto ilula. Ezinye iindlela ezininzi ezinokubakho zineendleko eziphezulu zemveliso kwaye azinazo iintlobo zemveliso ezifunekayo okanye amandla emveliso. Umzekelo, ngelixa iBangladesh isalukhetho olungabizi kakhulu, isenokusokola ngamandla emveliso kunye neendlela zokuziphatha zokwenza imveliso. I-India, kwelinye icala, ivele njengenye indlela enobuchule nangona irhafu inyusiwe.

Abavelisi bempahla baseIndiya baziwa ngokukwazi kwabo ukuvelisa iimpahla ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngamaxabiso akhuphisanayo, kwaye inkqubo eqinileyo yelaphu yelizwe, iindlela zokwenza izinto ngokuziphatha, kunye nobuchule bokuvelisa obuguquguqukayo kwenza ukuba ibe yindawo ethembekileyo yokufumana izinto. Imingeni ekuthengeni kwakhona imveliso yempahla engaveliswanga kakuhle e-US nayo ayisosisombululo sisebenzayo. I-US ayinazo iziseko zophuhliso ezifunekayo, abasebenzi abanezakhono, kunye nobuchule bokwandisa imveliso. Ukongeza, uninzi lwempahla ebalulekileyo yokuvelisa iimpahla kusafuneka ingeniswe, ngoku ngeendleko ezonyukileyo. Njengoko uStephen Lamar, intloko ye-American Apparel and Footwear Association, watshoyo, ukuhambisa imveliso yempahla e-US akunakwenzeka ngenxa yokunqongophala kwabasebenzi, izakhono, kunye neziseko zophuhliso. Impembelelo kubathengi Ukunyuka kweerhafu kunokukhokelela kumaxabiso aphezulu empahla kubathengi base-US. Njengoko uninzi lwempahla ethengiswayo e-US ingeniswa, iindleko eziphezulu zokungenisa ziya kudluliselwa kubathengi ngendlela yamaxabiso aphezulu okuthengisa. Oku kuza kubeka uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo kubathengi, ingakumbi kwimeko yezoqoqosho olusele lunzima kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso.Iimpembelelo zoQoqosho nezeNtlalo kwiHlabathi liphela Ukubekwa kwerhafu yi-US kwicala elinye nako kubangele impendulo ebalulekileyo kwimarike, okukhokelele ekulahlekelweni yi-2 trillion eWall Street.

Amazwe angaphezu kwama-50, ajoliswe kwiirhafu ezifanayo yi-US, afikelele kwisivumelwano sokuqalisa iingxoxo malunga neerhafu eziphezulu zokungenisa impahla. Iirhafu ezintsha ziphazamise uthotho lwempahla yelaphu neyeempahla kwihlabathi liphela, zinyusa ukungaqiniseki kwaye zinyusa amaxabiso. Ngaphezu koko, iirhafu eziphezulu zinokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwezentlalo kumazwe avelisa impahla. Iirhafu eziphezulu kumazwe aphambili avelisa impahla zinokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwemisebenzi kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi kwimivuzo yabasebenzi kumazwe axhomekeke kakhulu ekuthunyelweni kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, njengeCambodia, iBangladesh, neSri Lanka. Isiphelo-ukubekwa kwe-US kweerhafu ezifanayo kwiimpahla ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kunefuthe elikhulu kushishino lwempahla lwehlabathi. Kunyuse iindleko kubangenisi kunye nabathengisi, kwaphazamisa uthotho lwempahla, kwaye kwadala ukungaqiniseki kumashishini nakubathengi. Ngelixa amanye amazwe afana ne-India anokungenelwa kutshintsho kwizicwangciso zokufumana impahla, impembelelo iyonke kushishino inokuba mbi. Iirhafu ezongeziweyo zinokubangela ukuba kubekho impembelelo ephezulu.impahlaamaxabiso abathengi baseMelika, nto leyo ecinezela ngakumbi iimvakalelo zabathengi kwimeko yezoqoqosho esele inzima.